What does the term 'subcooling' refer to in refrigeration?

The term 'subcooling' refers specifically to the state of a liquid refrigerant being cooled below its boiling point at a given pressure. This is critical in refrigeration systems, as subcooling ensures that the refrigerant remains in a liquid state before it enters the expansion device. By doing so, it enhances the refrigeration cycle's efficiency, allowing for better heat exchange and preventing the possibility of vapor entering the expansion device, which could lead to less efficient cooling or potential damage to the compressor.

In general, subcooling is measured in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius below the saturation temperature corresponding to the refrigerant's pressure. This extra cooling helps to maximize the system's capacity and efficiency, making it a crucial concept in refrigeration applications.